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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 81(4): 340-344, Apr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439461

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Percussion is an important part of the neurological examination and reflex hammers are necessary to obtain it properly. Objective We aimed to review the historical aspects of the main reflex hammers and to define the favorite one of Brazilian neurologists. Methods We searched original and review articles about historical aspects of the reflex hammers in Scielo and Pubmed and conducted an online survey to investigate the favorite reflex hammer of Brazilian neurologists. Results In the first part, we describe the major milestones in the creation of the reflex hammers. Following, we exhibit the results of the online survey: Babinski-Rabiner was the most voted. Conclusions The origins of the reflex hammers goes back long before their creation, from a basic clinical examination method: percussion. Since the description of deep tendon reflexes and the creation of percussion hammers, much has been improved in this technique. Among all the hammers surveyed, the Babinski-Rabiner was the chosen one by a significant portion of Brazilian neurologists.


Resumo Antecedentes A percussão é uma parte importante do exame neurológico e os martelos de reflexo são necessários para obtê-la adequadamente. Objetivo Nós visamos revisar os aspectos históricos dos principais martelos de reflexo neurológico e definir qual é o preferido dos neurologistas brasileiros. Métodos Procuramos artigos originais e artigos de revisão sobre os aspectos históricos dos martelos de reflexo na Scielo e no Pubmed, e conduzimos um questionário online para investigar qual é o preferido dos neurologistas brasileiros. Resultados Na primeira parte, descrevemos os principais marcos na criação dos martelos de reflexo. Na sequência, expomos os resultados do questionário online: Babinski-Rabiner foi o martelo mais votado. Conclusões A origem dos martelos de reflexos vem muito antes de sua criação, a partir de um método de exame clínico básico: a percussão. Desde a descrição dos reflexos tendinosos profundos e da criação de martelos de percussão, muito se aperfeiçoou sobre essa técnica. Dentre todos os martelos pesquisados, o de Babinski-Rabiner foi o escolhido por uma parcela significativa dos neurologistas brasileiros.

2.
Rev. Fed. Argent. Soc. Otorrinolaringol ; 24(3): 6-11, 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-908150

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la voz humana en sus variadas manifestaciones, como el habla, el canto y otras producciones sonoras, es una forma de canalizar y expresar nuestras emociones, ideas, pensamientos y de vincularnos con los demás. El paciente laringectomizado total se ve privado de su voz natural. En su proceso de rehabilitación deberá aprender habilidades de comunicación funcional que le permitan desarrollar una buena calidad de vida. Material y método: 4 talleres con frecuencia trimestral, en el transcurso de un año. Participaron 21 pacientes laringectomizados, con edad promedio de 62 años. Actividades propuestas: Ejercicios de relajación activa y alineación postural, automasajes cervicofaciales y ejercitación de respiración costo-diafragmática. Percusión corporal e instrumental con variaciones rítmicas asociadas al movimiento. Ejercicios de asociación de cualidades sonoras vinculadas a la producción oral y cantada. En cada taller se administró un cuestionario escrito. Resultados: Mediante la ejercitación respiratoria se logró un mejor dominio del soplo aéreo pulmonar evitando sonidos silbantes durante la espiración. Las actividades rítmicas favorecieron el reconocimiento, la reproducción y la sincronización de movimientos corporales. Las actividades de percusión asociadas a la emisión de la palabra permitieron que el patrón rítmico acompañe a la producción de las mismas. El 100% de los pacientes manifestaron disfrute por la actividad propuesta. Entre los beneficios obtenidos mencionaron: mejoramiento del humor, sensación de bienestar corporal, mejoras en la comunicación. Conclusiones: La implementación de técnicas de relajación, alineación postural y respiración junto a actividades asociadas al ritmo y al movimiento contribuyen notoriamente a la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.


Introduction: the human voice in its varied manifestations, such as speech, singing and other sound productions are a way of channeling and expressing our emotions, ideas, thoughts and to bond with others. The total laryngectomized patient is deprived of his natural voice. In your rehabilitation process you must learn functional communication skills that allow you to develop a good quality of life. Material and method: 4 workshops with quarterly frequency, in the course of one year. 21 laryngectomized patients participated, with a mean age of 62 years. Proposed activities: Exercises of active relaxation and postural alignment, cervicofacial self-masagges and cost-diaphragmatic breathing exercises. Body and instrumental percussion with rhythmic variations associated with movement. Association exercises of sound qualities linked to the production of syllables, words, phrases, rhymes and popular songs. In each workshop, a written questionnaire was administered to respond anonymously. Results: By means of the respiratory exercises, a better control of the aerial lung breath was obtained avoiding hissing sounds during the expiration. The rhythmic activities favored the recognition, reproduction and synchronization of body movements. The percussion activities associated with the emission of the word allowed the rhythmic pattern to accompany the production of the same. 100% of patients expressed their enjoyment of the proposed activity. Among the benefits obtained mentioned: improvement of the mood, sensation of corporal well-being, improvements in the communication. Conclusions: the implementation of relaxation techniques, postural alignment and breathing along with activities associated with rhythm and movement contribute to the quality of life of these patients.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Laryngectomy/rehabilitation , Rehabilitation of Speech and Language Disorders/methods , Music Therapy , Percussion , Quality of Life , Relaxation Therapy , Speech, Alaryngeal , Speech, Esophageal , Voice Training
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 61(6): 530-535, Nov.-Dec. 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771994

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY Introduction: anovulation is a major cause of female infertility, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulation. While undergoing drug-induced ovulation, women with PCOS usually have a satisfactory response recruiting follicles, but some are unable to recruit follicles or often produce an excessive number of follicles, which can result in ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome and/or multiple pregnancy. Surgical laparoscopy with ovarian "drilling" may prevent or reduce the need for drug-induced ovulation. Objective: to identify the current indications of laparoscopic ovarian drilling and the best surgical technique. Method: a review of the medical literature based on systematic search in the Medline, Lilacs and Cochrane databases, using as keywords laparoscopy, polycystic ovary syndrome, and drilling. Results: we found 105 articles in the literature, 27 of these highly relevant, describing findings on ovarian drilling. Conclusion: laparoscopic drilling is indicated for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome with ovulatory resistance to the use of clomiphene citrate, body mass index less than 30 kg/m2 and preoperative luteinizing hormone above 10 IU/L. The preferred surgical technique should be the realization of 5 to 10 perforations on the surface of each ovary bilaterally using monopolar energy.


RESUMO Introdução: a anovulação é uma das principais causas de infertilidade feminina, e a síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) é a principal causa de anovulação. As mulheres com SOP, quando submetidas a indução medicamentosa da ovulação, costumam ter resposta satisfatória, recrutando folículos. No entanto, algumas podem não recrutar folículos ou, muitas vezes, têm uma produção excessiva deles, o que pode resultar em síndrome de hiperestímulo ovariano e/ou gravidez múltipla. O tratamento cirúrgico por laparoscopia comdrilling ovariano pode evitar ou reduzir a necessidade de indução da ovulação com medicamentos. Objetivos: identificar as indicações atuais do drilling ovariano laparoscópico e qual a melhor técnica operatória. Método: revisão da literatura médica, por meio de busca sistemática nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e Cochrane, utilizando as palavras-chave: laparoscopia, síndrome dos ovários micropolicísticos edrilling. Resultados: foram encontrados 105 artigos na literatura, sendo 27 de grande relevância descrevendo achados sobre o drilling ovariano. Conclusão: o drilling laparoscópico está indicado para pacientes com SOP com resistência ovulatória ao uso do citrato de clomifeno, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) inferior a 30 kg/m2 e hormônio luteinizante (LH) pré-cirúrgico superior 10 UI/L. A técnica operatória de preferência deve ser a realização de 5 a 10 perfurações na superfície de cada ovário bilateralmente por meio do uso de energia monopolar.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Anovulation/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/surgery , Body Mass Index , Clomiphene , Drug Resistance , Fertility Agents, Female , Laparoscopy/instrumentation , Luteinizing Hormone/blood
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